How similar was the disputed presidential election of 1876 to the events of the presidential election of 2020 and were the disputes finally resolved constitutionally in 1876? In 1906, Paul Leland Haworth (1876-1936) sorted out the events of the controversial 1876 election in his book titled, "The Hayes-Tilden Disputed Presidential Election of 1876." The results of the 1876 presidential election remain among the most disputed ever. Although it is not disputed that Tilden outpolled Hayes in the popular vote, there were wide allegations of electoral fraud, election violence, and other disfranchisement of predominately Republican black voters. The question of who should have been awarded these electoral votes is the source of the continued controversy. In introducing his book, Haworth writes: "The book is based in large measure upon a collection of more than twenty thousand pages of congressional material, consisting of debates in Congress, of evidence gathered by various investigating committees, and of the proceedings before the electoral commission. This collection constitutes perhaps the most extensive and exhaustive one upon any subject of equal importance in American history."

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